Burner for crude oil.



No. 701,902. Patented lune l()1 l|902.

' LEWIS, A. J. RAY & M. B.'WESSON.

BURNER FOR CRUDE DIL.

, .Appnanon filed. Aug. 10, 1801.)

(Nd Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.Y

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i, UNITED STATES [PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. LEWIS, ALBERT J. RAY, AND MILEY B. WESSON, OF FORTArr'VVVO'RTH, TEXAS. I

B'uRNgRFoR CRUDE o|| .`.f-

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,902.,l datedJ une10, 1902.l Application filed August 10, 1901. Serial No. 71.656. (Nomodel.) 'l y A To will whom, t :17h/ty concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS E. LEWIS, ALBERT J. RAY, and MILEYB.,WnssoN, citi,-

zens'of the United States, residing atQFort Worth, in the county ofTarrant, State of Texas,have invented certain newfand useful-Improvements in Burners for- Crude Oil, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the drawings. Y

This invention relates to a burner for crude oil, and particularly to aconstruction by means of which a direct or indirect draft may beutilized in the burningofthe oil.

'rheinvenuon has for an object to' provide a structure of casing throughwhich the oil passes'adapted to provide a' direct draft for -vtheburning of the oil therein or anindirect damper device f or controllingsaid apertures.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appearrinthe following description, y andthe y novel yfeatures thereof i will beparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective of one form of the inventionwith parts of the casing broken away. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinalsection thereof. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of the bottom plate.Fig. 4 is a perspectivewith parts broken away, of a modified form oftheinvention. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section through Fig. .4. Fig. 6 isa plan of the damper-slide used with the modified form'of the invention,and Fig. 7 is a similar View of the damper-slide used with the structureshown in Figs. land 2.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalfigures of the drawings.`

The letter A designates a casing which may be of any desiredformation-for instance, as

accompanying',

shown in Figs. l and 2, where it is illustrated as of rectangular shapeand provided at its upper portion with an opening A', adapted to be,closed by a pivoted'da'mper or plate B,

mounted `at B upon the side walls of the casing. The lower portion ofVthe casing'is open, and the front wall A? thereofis provided -at itslower portion with a Series o fuopeningsAs. This front wall is adaptedtorestupon a bottom plate 0, While the' rear wall Af of fthe casing isextended at a greater length to pass below the' surface of the bottomplate C.

Within the case a flue-wall D is supported plate a partition()s isformed, which serves to direct the oil "received at that end of theplate toward the front thereof, as shown in Fig. 1. .'At the oppositeends ofthe bottom plate'downwardly-projecting flanges C4 extend and areprovided with means for slidably retaining the damper-plate E inposition. This plateis providedwith openings Ev', adapted toulie beneaththe flanged apertures C2 in the bottom plate, and witha solid portionE2, adapted to close the draft-passage between the flue-wall D and therear wall A4, while the solid body E3 of the plateadjacent to theopenings E closes the apertures C2 when the plate-is shifted toopen adraft-passage at the rear of the bottomplate; l

Suitably supported within thecasing-for instance, by lugs D', carried bythe fine-wall D-is a conducting-shelf F, Whichmay be of any desiredconstruction,".forthepurpose of feeding the oil from theinlet-pipe Fdownward to the lower portion of the casing', vwhere the bottom plate Ois located, for the purpose of burning the oil. construction of thisplate, we have illustrated As showing a desirable v Idd in Fig. 2 areversible form thereof, in which the platre is provided with a seriesof flanged apertures F2, and in the position there shown the flangedportions are upon the upper face of the plate. This upper face of theplate is provided with a iange or wall extending about the two sidesthereof and one end, the opposite end being adapted to discharge the oilfrom the plate onto a lower plate. The reverse or under side of theplate shown in Fig. 2 is provided with tianges F4, extending on bothsides and both ends of the plate when reversed, so as to confine thereonthe oil which falls upon the plate and cause the same to pass throughthe apertures F2 and to be there commingled with the draft of airthrough said apertures. It will be obvious that by changing the positionor reversingv the plates shown in Fig. 2 the oil may be fed through theapertures onto the lower plate instead of from the lower end of theplate, as shown in said figure. It will be understood that any ordinaryand usual means of connecting the several parts together when assembledmay be used and that suitable absorbent material may be placed in thespace in front of the wall A2 of the casing for absorbing the oil to beburned, and these nonessential details have not been specificallyillustrated or described in connection with the invention.

In the modified form of the invention (shown in Figs. 4, 5 and (5) acylindrical casing G is employed, which is provided at its upper endwith a pivoted cover or closure G and at its lower portion with a seriesof apertures G2, while the lower open end of the casing is adapted torest upon a bottom plate H, provided with hanged apertures H. Upon theunder surface of this bottom plate a draftslide I is suitably mounted toreciprocate, While centrally of the cylinder a draft-flue J extends'upward and is provided upon its outer face with a spiral or inclinedplate K. This flue and the plates carried thereby may be formed insections, or the plate K may be applied between the flue and casing andindependently thereof. The bottom plate H is provided with a centralaperture H2, over which the flue-tube J is adapted to rest, while thedamper-slide I is provided with a central aperture I', adapted to permitan upward draft through the hue J. This plate is also y provided withapertures I2, adapted to register with the iian ged openings H in thebottom plate H. When the damper-plate is shifted to bring the aperturesinto alinement, the solid portion I3 thereof closes the lower end of theIiue J, as shown by dotted section-lines in Fig. 5, while when theflanged openings of the bottom plate are closed the central draft isopen, as shown by the full-line sectioning in Fig. 5.

The inclined or spiral plates K are provided with aseries of flangedapertures K for a similar purpose as described in connection with theapertures F2 of the plates F, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) while the feedof oil to said plates is through a suitable intake-pipe, as

shown at K2. The spiral plates are the equivalent in function to theinclined plates shown in Figs. l and 2 and produce substantially thesaine operation of the invention.

Under some conditions it has been found desirable to close the aperturesin the plates, so as to render the same of a substantially solidcharacter, and this is accomplished by any desired means-for instance, acap or cover adapted to fit over the flange of the aperture, as shown atF5 in Fig. 2 and by dotted lines at K3 in Fig. 5. This cap when appliedproduces substantially the results of a solid plate, although underordinary conditions it is desirable to use plates having the flangedapertures, and the iianges to these apertures maybe formed in anydesired manner.

In the operation of this class of inventions it has been found that withan open direct draft of air through the burner much of the combustiblematerial is carried off by the draft and in the form of smoke, so thatlittle or no cinder remains, while with an indirect draft much morecinder is deposited upon the plates, as all of the combustible materialis consumed, and the cinder remaining is of a hard character. Under thislatter condition all the heat is extracted from the fuel and only theunconsumable residue remains. Under these conditions it is desirable toregulate the character of draft for diiferent fuels or characters ofoils, so as to thoroughly consume all of the combustible materialtherein, thus securing the greatest amount of heat and the consequenteconomy of the fuel consumed. When a direct draft is desired through theburner shown in Fig. 1, the damper-slide is pushed inward to close theflue at the rear of the casing While the pivoted damper B is open at theupper portion thereof, and the slide-damper E permits an upward draftthrough the flanged apertures C2 in the bottom plate C, which is thedesirable condition of parts when starting the burner. The oil is thenfed by any suitable means upon the upper plate F and dischargedtherefrom upon another similar plate supported beneath the same. Thenumber of these plates employed may be altered at will and is entirelydependent upon the character of burner to be constructed and thematerial to be burned therein. The discharge from the lower plate is atthe left of the rib C3 upon the bottom plate C, which causes the oil toflow into the space in front of the Wall A2 of the casing, Where it isignited, and the continued iiow of oil passes back into the casingthrough the openings A3 and is ignited about the flanged openings C2 ofthe bottom plate C. The result of the burning oil is to heat the plateF, thus causing a direct upward draft through the apertures F2 of theplates and the opening A at the upper portion of the casing. Under theseconditions the air and oil are thoroughly com mingled by their passagefrom the plates, so as to be in the best possible condition for burning.If

IOO

. under other conditions to cut off the passage of air through theseplates any one or all of the apertures F2 may be closed by means of thecaps F5, as shown Fig. 2. It will thus be seen that the flangedapertures upon the plate are essential and important for securing a feedof oil over the plate without passage through the apertures and forproviding a feed of air through the plate. It hasfbeen found that inburning the oil the best results are secured at the edges or margins ofthe plate, and the use of these apertures provide an increased area ofthis character. When an indirect draft is used, the pivoted slide B isclosed and the damper E shifted `to close the apertures C2 of the bottomplate and open the rear iiue, which causes the air to pass beneath thebottom plate upward through the flue, thence over the top of theflue-wall D and downward over and through theplates F to the aperturesA3 at the front of the casing, where the oxidized oil or the admixtureof oil and -air is ignited and burns at the front of the casing. Whenthe direct upward draft is used, the oil is burned upon all of theplates except when the plates have been raised to such a degree of heatas to convert the oil into vapor or gas before it reaches the platebelow. The casing Vas well as the plates become intensely heated andcontribute to vaporize the crude oil as it enters the casing. When theindirect downward draft is used, the tendency is to confine the llame tothe lower portion of the casing, and the flame is principally confined-to the lower plate and issues from the openings in the casing, so as toheat the sameto a high degree. In theillustration of the invention heregiven the oil is shown as fed upon lthe upper plate;

but in some applications of the invention,

such as for locomotive-boilers, it is found desirable to feed the crudeoil upon a lower plate, so that the products of combustion passing overthe upper heated plates will be converted into a clear-burning gasbefore leaving the casing.

The operation hereinbefore described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2applies with equal force to the modified form shown in Figs. 4 and 5,wherein a direct draft is secured by raising the cover or closure G,'asshown by dotted lines in Fig. 5, and adjusting the damper-slide I topermit an upward draft through the openings H in the bottom plate, whichpasses through the apertures upon the spirally-inclined plates K andover said plates, so as to become thoroughly mixed with the oil which isflowing kdownward overl the surface ofthe plates. When the indirectdraft is used with this form of the invention, the cover G is-closed andthe damper?y plate I shifted to close the apertures H'- and open thecylindrical flue J, (see'dotted lines,

apertures G2, so as to maintain a body of burning oil upon the plate H.

It will be obvious that changes may be made in the details ofconstruction and configuration of the several parts, as it is notintended to confine this invention specifically to either form hereindisclosed, as the scope thereof is capable of numerous dierentapplications without departing from the spirit of the invention asdefined by the appended claims.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

ing apertures at its upper and lower portions, a wall for forming a fluewithin said casing, a closure for said upper openingtherein, aliquid-conveying surface within said casing,v

and means for controlling the passage of air through said dues;substantially `as specified; i u

2. Ina burner for crude oil, a casing having openings at its upper and,lower portions, a Wall for forming a flue withi'nsaid casing, a closurefor said upper opening therein,"a

1. In a burner for crude oil, a casing havliquid-conveying surfacewithin said casing,

means for controlling the passage of air through said line, Aand aperforated burner-y plate at the lower portion of said casingg' sub'-stantially as specified.

3. In a burner for crude oil, a casing, a reversible oil-conductingplate having'edge flanges upon opposite faces land apertures IOOtherethrough .flanged upon one face, and means for vremovably supportingsaid "plate within said casing; substantially as specified.

4. An loil-conducting plate "for la crude-oil burner having sideilangesand one end flange upon one face, and Vflanged aperturesl upon the'sameface in said plate; substantially as"v specified. 5. An oil-conductingplate for a'crudeloil 'burner having side anges'and'one end flange uponone face, flanged apertures upon the same face of said plate; and aflangeupon both sidesand ends of the opposite side. of said plate;substantially as specified.

6. In a burner for crude oil, a casing pro- IIO vided with openings atits upper and lower portions, a flue-wall therein to form a flue, av

burner-plate vat the lower portion vof said casinghaving aperturestherethrough, and

means for controlling the passage of ai'rf through said plateA and flue;'substantially as specified. v

ing havingapertures therethrough,and a damper-plate adapted toalternately open or close the openings in said burner-plate or saidflue; substantially as specified.

8. In a burner for crude oil, a casing provided with openings at itsupper and lower portions, a flue-wall therein to form a iiue, aburner-plate at the lower portion of said casing having aperturestherethrough, a damper-plate adapted to alternately open or close theopenings in said burner-plate and said iiue, and an inclinedconducting-plate eX- tending from the upper portion of said casing tosaid burner-plate; substantially as specified.

9. In a burner for crude oil, a casing provided with openings at itsupper and lower portions, a nue-wall therein to form a tine, aburner-plate at the lower portion of said casing having aperturestherethrough, a dainper-plate adapted to alternately open or close theopenings in said burner-plate and said ilue, and a perforated inclinedconductingplate having iianges surrounding the perforations thereof;substantially as specified.

10. In a burner for crude oil, a casing provided With openings at itsupper and lower portions, a Hue-wall therein to form a flue, aburner-plate at the lower portion of said casing having aperturestherethrough, a damperplate adapted to alternately open and close theopenings in said burner-plate and said flue, a perforated inclinedconducting-plate having flanges surrounding the perforations thereof,and a ridge or partition upon said burner-plate at the delivery end ofthe lowermost conducting-plate; substantially as specified.

11. In a burner for crude oil, a casing provided with openings at itsupper and lower portions, a flue-wall therein to form a flue, aburner-plate at the lower portion of said casing having aperturestherethrough, a dampen plate adapted to alternately open and close theopenings in said burner-plate and said flue, a perforated inclinedconducting-plate having flanges surrounding the perforations thereof, aridge or partition upon said burnerplate at the delivery end of thelowermost conducting-plate, and a pivoted damper for the opening in theupper portion of said casing; substantially as specified.

l2. In a burner for crude oil, the combination with a casing, anoil-conducting means therein, of a burner-plate having flangedperforations therethrough, depending flanges at the opposite portions ofsaid burner-plate, and a slide-damperlocated therein to control theopenings in said plate; substantially as specified.

13. A burner for crude oil, a casing provided With openings at its upperand lower portions and having a rear Wall extended below its front Wall,a flue-wall within said casing, a perforated burner plate having aflanged edge and adapted to receive the front and iiue walls of saidcasing, means for conducting oil from the upper portion of said casingto said plate, and a damper carried by said plate for controlling theopenings therein and the flue within the casing; substantially asspecified.

14:. In a burner for crude oil, a casing provided with openings at itsupper and lower portions and having a rear wall extended below its frontwall, a fine-wall within said casing, a perforated burner plate having aiianged edge and adapted to receive the front and iiue Walls of saidcasing, means for conducting oil from the upper portion of said casingto said plate, a damper carried by said plate for controlling theopenings therein and the iiue within the casing, a lateral rib orpartition carried by the upper face of said plate for directing the oilreceived from the conducting means to the front of said plate beyondsaid casing; substantially as specified.

l5. In a burner for crude oil, the combination with a casing, of' anoil-conducting plate therein having flanged apertures therethrough, anda cap or cover for said apertures; substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we aix our signa tures in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS E. LEWIS. ALBERT J. RAY. MILEY B. WESSON. Witnesses:

M. C. BILLINGS, PAUL KELLER.

